April 10, 2025
RELIGION. DIGITAL MARKETING. PROJECT MANAGEMENT. ITIL 4 AND MORE
If your network is using the IPv4 communications protocol, the Address Resolution Protocol, or ARP, is what you need to map IPv4 addresses to MAC addresses. This topic explains how ARP works. Every IP device
Application layer programs generate data that must be exchanged between the source and destination hosts. The transport layer is responsible for logical communications between applications running on different hosts. This may include services such as
You already know the fundamentals of TCP. Understanding the role of port numbers will help you to grasp the details of the TCP communication process. In this topic, you will also learn about the TCP
The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) for IPv4 service automates the assignment of IPv4 addresses, subnet masks, gateways, and other IPv4 networking parameters. This is referred to as dynamic addressing. The alternative to dynamic addressing
The webservers that we so often connect to using names like www⋅cisco⋅com, are actually reached by assigning IP addresses to packets. On the internet, these domain names are much easier for people to remember than
The network devices that people are most familiar with are end devices. To distinguish one end device from another, each end device on a network has an address. When an end device initiates communication,
Now that the router has determined the best path for a packet based on the longest match, it must determine how to encapsulate the packet and forward it out to the correct egress interface. The
When it comes to general security breaches, home networks are the most susceptible to attacks. The reason is that home network users always have the mindset that they have nothing that the hacker will be
IP was designed as a Layer 3 connectionless protocol. It provides the necessary functions to deliver a packet from a source host to a destination host over an interconnected system of networks. The protocol was
In this article, I want to look at common network security monitoring tools in cybersecurity. Follow me as we look at this together in this article. Common tools that are used for network security
“All networks are targets” is a common adage used to describe the current landscape of network security. Therefore, to mitigate threats, all networks must be secured and protected. This article will look at network security
A Denial of Service (DoS) attack creates some sort of interruption of network services to users, devices, or applications. In this article, I want to discuss all that you need to know about the Denial
Reconnaissance is information gathering. It is analogous to a thief surveying a neighbourhood by going door-to-door pretending to sell something. What the thief is actually doing is looking for vulnerable homes to break
Ethical hacking involves using many different types of tools to test the network and end devices. To validate the security of a network and its systems, many network penetration testing tools have been developed. However,
We are under attack and attackers want access to our assets. Assets are anything of value to an organization, such as data and other intellectual property, servers, computers, smartphones, tablets, and more. In this
An Access Control List in networking is a series of commands that control whether a device forwards or drops packets based on information found in the packet header. When configured, ACLs perform the following
WLANs use Radio Frequencies (RF) instead of cables at the physical layer and MAC sublayer of the data link layer. WLANs share a similar origin with Ethernet LANs. The IEEE has adopted the 802 LAN/MAN
In my previous article, I talked about how online shopping has made life easy for people making transactions online. Despite the fact that it is very easy to make transactions online using credit and
Within a switched internetwork, VLANs provide segmentation and organizational flexibility. VLANs provide a way to group devices within a LAN. A group of devices within a VLAN communicate as if they were connected to
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